Gaza

Causes:


Humanitarian crisis and civilian protection

Understand

Gaza is facing an extreme humanitarian crisis driven by large-scale violence, mass displacement, and severe disruption of essential services. Many people have limited access to safe shelter, food, clean water, medical care, and sanitation.

Humanitarian organizations continue to respond under difficult conditions, with urgent needs for civilian protection and sustained delivery of aid.

Sources:

Accountability

Benjamin Netanyahu portrait

Benjamin Netanyahu

Prime minister with ultimate authority over military strategy, blockade policy, and continuation of the war. (ICC arrest warrant issued)

Yoav Gallant portrait

Yoav Gallant

Defense minister responsible for directing military operations and rules of engagement affecting civilians. (ICC arrest warrant issued)

Herzi Halevi portrait

Herzi Halevi

Chief of the General Staff overseeing execution of Israeli military operations in Gaza.

Yahya Sinwar portrait

Yahya Sinwar (†)

De facto Hamas leader in Gaza and primary architect of the October 7 attack that triggered the current war.

Mohammed Deif portrait

Mohammed Deif (†)

Longtime head of Hamas’s military wing, responsible for planning and directing large-scale attacks over decades. (ICC arrest warrant issued)

Ismail Haniyeh portrait

Ismail Haniyeh (†)

Former political leader central to Hamas’s international strategy, funding, and long-term governance decisions.

Khalil al-Hayya portrait

Khalil al-Hayya

Senior Hamas political figure involved in post–October 7 decision making, negotiations, and continuation of armed conflict.


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